Efektivitas Gamifikasi dalam Pembelajaran dan Implikasinya terhadap Desain Instruksional di Era Transformasi Digital
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51903/pendekar.v4i2.1701Keywords:
desain instruksional, gamifikasi pendidikan, keterlibatan belajar, motivasi, systematic reviewAbstract
Gamifikasi telah mendapat perhatian yang signifikan sebagai strategi instruksional dalam pendidikan kontemporer, namun fondasi empirisnya belum dikaji secara memadai. Penelitian ini mengkaji secara kritis efektivitas, tantangan struktural, dan implikasi pedagogis gamifikasi dalam pembelajaran melalui systematic literature review (SLR) terhadap 22 artikel ilmiah yang diterbitkan antara 2019–2024 dari jurnal terindeks SINTA 1–3 dan Scopus Q3–Q4. Seleksi artikel mengikuti protokol PRISMA dan data dianalisis melalui sintesis tematik. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa gamifikasi secara konsisten menghasilkan efek positif jangka pendek terhadap motivasi dan keterlibatan perilaku peserta didik; namun demikian, dampaknya terhadap hasil belajar yang mendalam dan kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi tetap tidak konklusif dan sangat bergantung pada kualitas desain instruksional. Dominasi elemen reward ekstrinsik khususnya poin, lencana, dan papan peringkat tanpa landasan pedagogis yang memadai berisiko menghasilkan keterlibatan yang bersifat permukaan alih-alih keterlibatan kognitif yang bermakna. Kendala struktural mencakup ketimpangan akses digital dan kompetensi pendidik yang tidak memadai turut membatasi skalabilitas gamifikasi. Penelitian ini berargumen bahwa gamifikasi perlu diposisikan ulang sebagai strategi instruksional yang berakar secara pedagogis, dan merekomendasikan penelitian longitudinal untuk mengkaji dampak jangka panjangnya di berbagai konteks pendidikan.
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