Kecerdasan Buatan Generatif dan Kemandirian Belajar pada Pendidikan Vokasi: Tinjauan Naratif dan Celah Bukti bagi SMK di Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51903/pendekar.v4i5.1995Keywords:
agensi pembelajar, celah bukti, kecerdasan buatan generatif, kemandirian belajar, pendidikan vokasiAbstract
Kecerdasan buatan generatif (GenAI) semakin dimanfaatkan peserta didik untuk memperoleh penjelasan, gagasan, dan umpan balik segera, tetapi nilai edukatifnya bergantung pada kemampuan mereka mengevaluasi informasi yang dihasilkan dan tetap bertanggung jawab atas tugasnya. Tinjauan naratif ini mensintesis 23 artikel jurnal bertelaah sejawat terbitan 2021–2026 tentang literasi AI, GenAI dalam pendidikan, dan kemandirian belajar (self-regulated learning/SRL), dengan pelaporan yang mengacu pada panduan SANRA bagi tinjauan naratif. Empat tema dihasilkan: GenAI dapat memberikan penjelasan dan umpan balik tepat waktu; manfaatnya bersyarat pada bimbingan pedagogis dan agensi pembelajar; verifikasi dan literasi AI sangat penting karena keluaran dapat tidak akurat; serta basis bukti condong pada pendidikan tinggi. Pengklasifikasian setiap sumber menurut jenjang menegaskan temuan utama tinjauan ini: delapan dari 23 sumber berlatar pendidikan tinggi dan hanya satu berlatar pendidikan vokasi, dan sumber tersebut membahas berpikir kritis, bukan GenAI. Tidak ada sumber yang meneliti penggunaan GenAI di SMK di Indonesia, dan tidak ada dokumen kebijakan Indonesia. Tinjauan ini karena itu mengusulkan, bukan membuktikan, kerangka konseptual yang menghubungkan penggunaan GenAI terarah, praktik agensi pembelajar (verifikasi, pemrosesan aktif, revisi, refleksi atribusi), dan SRL, yang dimoderasi kondisi konteks, dan dinyatakan sebagai enam proposisi bernomor. Implikasi bagi SMK merupakan dugaan yang belum diuji.
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